10 Causes of Low Breast Milk Supply and How to Increase It Naturally

Factors That Affect Breast Milk Production and Ways to Increase Supply

Every mother’s breastfeeding journey is unique. Some days the milk flow feels abundant, while on other days supply may noticeably decline. Experiencing a temporary drop in milk supply is extremely common and usually reversible. The key is understanding the underlying reasons and taking the right steps to support your body. Since breast milk is very important for babies, here are the 10 most common causes of decreased breast milk supply along with practical solutions.

1. Infrequent Nursing

Breast milk is produced according to a “supply and demand” system. If the baby nurses less frequently, the body interprets this as a lower need and slows down production.

Solution: Aim for 8–12 nursing sessions within 24 hours. Night feedings are especially important for maintaining supply.

2. Short Feeding Sessions

If the baby does not stay on the breast long enough, the breast may not empty fully, reducing the signal for new milk production.

Solution: Allow the baby to finish nursing on one breast before switching to the other. A typical feeding session may last 10–20 minutes per breast.

3. Stress and Fatigue

High stress levels, emotional tension, and chronic lack of sleep can interfere with the hormones responsible for milk production.

Solution: Create a calm feeding environment, practice short relaxation exercises, and prioritize small rest breaks throughout the day.

4. Low Fluid Intake and Poor Nutrition

Not drinking enough water or skipping meals regularly can reduce the amount of milk the body produces.

Solution: Drink 2–2.5 liters of water daily and maintain balanced meals. Adding milk boosting foods like oats, leafy greens, dates, and fenugreek can be helpful.

5. Poor Latch

A shallow latch prevents effective milk removal, causing the breasts to produce less over time.

Solution: Ensure the baby takes a large portion of the areola into their mouth rather than just the nipple. If difficulties persist, consulting a lactation specialist is beneficial.

6. Ineffective Pumping

For mothers who pump, using an incorrect flange size or low suction strength can cause supply issues.

Solution: Use the correct flange size, choose a high quality double pump, and pump at consistent intervals.

7. Long Gaps Between Feedings

When breasts remain full for long periods, production naturally slows down.

Solution: If feeding intervals are long, add pumping sessions to empty the breasts and stimulate milk production.

8. Menstrual Cycle

Many mothers notice a temporary drop in supply a few days before their period begins.

Solution: This is temporary and typically resolves within a few days. Increased hydration and frequent nursing help balance supply.

9. Illness or Medication

Certain illnesses or medications may affect milk production.

Solution: Check with your healthcare provider to ensure your medications are breastfeeding safe. During illness, increasing your fluid intake is crucial.

10. Baby’s Growth Spurts

During growth spurts, babies nurse more frequently, which may feel like your supply is suddenly inadequate.

Solution: This phase is temporary. Frequent nursing during growth spurts naturally boosts milk production again.

A decrease in breast milk supply is often temporary and manageable. With proper latch techniques, frequent nursing, adequate hydration, and a balanced diet, milk production can improve significantly. Remember that every mother and baby is different, and comparing your experience to others can be misleading. If low supply persists, seeking support from a healthcare provider or lactation consultant is always a helpful step.