Teething Process and Symptoms in Babies

Teething in Babies: When Does It Start and What Is Normal?

Teething is a developmental milestone that can be challenging for both babies and parents. While some babies cut their first teeth with almost no discomfort, others may experience weeks of fussiness, excessive drooling, and disrupted sleep. Teething is not an illness but a natural part of growth. However, because some teething symptoms can resemble signs of illness, understanding what is normal and what requires medical attention is essential.

When Do Babies Start Teething?

Most babies begin teething around 6 months of age, but the timing can vary widely. Some babies may cut their first tooth as early as 4 months, while others may not show any signs until after their first birthday. Genetics, growth patterns, and individual development all play a role.

The first teeth to appear are usually the lower central incisors (the two bottom front teeth). These are typically followed by the upper front teeth, side incisors, and molars. By the age of 2.5 to 3 years, most children will have a full set of primary baby teeth.

Common Signs of Teething

Teething symptoms differ from baby to baby. Some experience very mild signs, while others are more sensitive. The most common teething symptoms include:

• Increased drooling: Saliva production rises, often leading to damp clothing and skin irritation.
• Gum discomfort and itching: Babies may chew on fingers, toys, or fabric to relieve pressure.
• Irritability and fussiness: Discomfort may be more noticeable in the evening.
• Sleep disturbances: Frequent night waking or difficulty falling asleep can occur.
• Changes in appetite: Some babies may refuse feeding, while others seek comfort by nursing more often.
• Swollen or tender gums: Redness or swelling where the tooth is emerging is common.
• Flushed cheeks: One cheek may appear redder than the other.

Does Teething Cause Fever?

Mild temperature elevation may occur during teething, but high fever is not considered a normal teething symptom. A temperature of 38°C (100.4°F) or higher usually suggests an infection or another underlying issue.

During teething, babies tend to put objects and their hands into their mouths more frequently, increasing exposure to germs. This can lead to illness that coincides with teething, making it easy to confuse the two. Persistent or high fever should always be evaluated by a healthcare professional.

How to Relieve Teething Discomfort

The goal during teething is to reduce discomfort using safe and gentle methods. Parents can try the following approaches at home:

1) Chilled (Not Frozen) Teething Toys

Refrigerated teething rings can soothe sore gums. Avoid frozen or very hard items, as they may damage delicate gum tissue.

2) Gentle Gum Massage

After washing your hands thoroughly, gently massaging your baby's gums with a clean finger may help relieve pressure. Always observe your baby's response and stop if discomfort increases.

3) Cool Foods (If Baby Has Started Solids)

For babies who have begun solid foods, cool yogurt or chilled purees may provide temporary relief. Ensure foods are age-appropriate and served safely to prevent choking.

4) Fluids and Calm Daily Routines

Teething can be tiring for babies. Maintaining hydration, respecting sleep cues, and following a calm daily routine can help reduce overall discomfort.

Preventing Skin Irritation Around the Mouth

Excessive drooling can cause redness and irritation around the mouth, chin, and neck. To protect your baby's skin:

• Gently pat drool away instead of rubbing.
• Apply a baby safe barrier cream in a thin layer.
• Change bibs and clothing frequently to keep skin dry.

What to Avoid During Teething

Some common practices can pose risks despite good intentions. During teething, avoid:

• Medicated teething gels: Some contain ingredients not recommended for infants unless prescribed by a doctor.
• Honey or herbal mixtures: Honey is unsafe for babies under one year, and unregulated remedies may be harmful.
• Hard or small foods: These can increase choking risk.
• Amber necklaces or bracelets: These accessories carry choking and strangulation hazards.

When Should You See a Doctor?

Teething discomfort is usually manageable at home. However, medical advice should be sought if your baby experiences:

• Fever of 38°C (100.4°F) or higher
• Persistent diarrhea or vomiting
• Extreme irritability or inconsolable crying
• White patches, sores, or foul odor in the mouth
• Refusal to feed or poor weight gain
• No teeth by 12-13 months of age (usually not serious, but worth checking)

Teething and Sleep: Managing Night Wakings

Sleep disruptions are common during teething, particularly at night when discomfort feels more intense. Helpful strategies include:

• Maintaining a consistent bedtime routine with calm activities.
• Ensuring your baby is not overtired during the day.
• Responding to night wakings calmly without overstimulation.

Oral Care After the First Tooth Appears

Once the first tooth emerges, oral care becomes part of daily routine. The goal is to promote hygiene habits rather than aggressive cleaning.

• Wipe teeth gently with a clean cloth or soft finger brush.
• Use an age appropriate baby toothbrush.
• Follow your healthcare provider's guidance regarding toothpaste use.

Regular dental checkups can be planned as more teeth appear.

Helpful Tips for Parents During Teething

Teething can also be exhausting for caregivers. These simple reminders may help:

• Plan play and feeding during your baby's most comfortable times.
• Keep soft cloths and spare bibs nearby.
• Use soothing touch and predictable routines.
• Remember to take short breaks and care for yourself as well.

Teething Is Normal, Observation Matters

Teething is a natural part of infancy and can usually be managed with simple, supportive care. Drooling, gum discomfort, chewing behavior, and mild fussiness are common. However, symptoms such as high fever, severe diarrhea, vomiting, or lethargy should not be attributed to teething alone. By using safe comfort measures and maintaining good oral hygiene, parents can help their babies navigate this developmental stage more comfortably.